How would you use ASP.NET Core policy-based authorization for API permissions?

Use ASP.NET Core policies for authorization

Explains policy-based authorization, requirements, handlers, claims, capabilities, and resource-aware checks.

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I would define policies for important capabilities or security requirements, then apply them to endpoints with authorization attributes or endpoint metadata. The policy can require an authenticated user, specific claims, roles, or capabilities. For resource-specific checks, a handler can evaluate both the user and the target resource.

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Policies, requirements, handlers, claims, capabilities, resource checks, endpoint protection, and testability.

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Policy-based authorization keeps security rules out of scattered if-statements. It also makes permission checks easier to test and review.
I would define policies for important capabilities or security requirements, then apply them to endpoints with authorization attributes or endpoint metadata. The policy can require an authenticated user, specific claims, roles, or capabilities. For resource-specific checks, a handler can evaluate both the user and the target resource.
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I would avoid putting all authorization into controller code. Policies give a consistent entry point, but they still need the right level of detail. A simple endpoint can require content.update; a resource-sensitive endpoint may load the target and check ownership, tenant membership, status, or workflow state. If claims are stale, the handler may need to consult current application data.

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Hardcoding role checks in many controllers.
Using broad policies that hide resource-specific rules.
Not testing denied paths.
Doing expensive authorization queries without measurement.

How would you use ASP.NET Core policy-based authorization for API permissions?

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